Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a method for selectively or partly melting a bed of powdered material using a laser, where each subsequent layer of molten or partly melted material is bonded to the previous layer [1, 2]. The rapid cooling rates inherent to this process result in large stress gradients, which can have a significant effect on the performance during service of metallic...
Hydrogen can be stored reversibly, safely and with high hydrogen densities in light metal hydrides. Because of their sensitivity to hydrogen, neutrons are the ideal probe for characterizing metal hydride materials and tank systems. Neutron imaging was used to study hydrogenation processes in metal hydride powders. In addition, neutron and X-ray scattering methods have been used to study phase...
Metal alloys, such as LiAl, are gaining more interest as anode materials for lithium ion batteries because they exhibit a high theoretical capacity while being inexpensive. Aluminium has an almost three times higher specific capacity with 993 mAh/g in relation to the commonly used graphite anode. [1] During Lithiation, aluminium begins to form a solid solution with lithium, the so called...
Design of Solid State Battery Materials and Prototypes
Jennifer L.M. Rupp
Technical University of Munich & TUM International Energy, Germany
jrupp@mit.edu
Next generation of energy storage devices may largely benefit from fast and solid Li+ ceramic electrolyte conductors to allow for safe and efficient batteries and fast data calculation. For those applications, the ability of Li-oxides...
Nowadays, hydrogen is being used as an energetic vector for saving excess of renewable energy. The most used techniques to generate hydrogen are thermochemical looping’s, electrolysers and hydrocarbons reforming. However, all these techniques have several drawbacks, namely the high temperatures needed, the use of sophisticated machinery and the long operation times required for the hydrogen...
The detailed investigation of innovative solid electrolytes featuring promising properties, such as a high ionic conductivity, that make it suitable for an application in next-generation batteries is one of the key strategies to expand the understanding of corresponding structure-property-relationships which than allows for further tailoring of the materials properties as demanded.
Here, we...
Traditionally used by academic researchers, neutron facilities also provide commercial advantages to those companies which are aware of the unique benefits of neutron scattering techniques for their research and innovation. The advanced techniques provided by neutron sources are powerful tools for multi-scale material and process characterisation down to atomic detail. As such, they are useful...
Li-ion batteries are not only omnipresent in portable devices, they are also being increasingly used to power electric vehicles which demands them to possess even higher energy densities. Energy storage capabilities, rate performances and cycling stabilities of Li-ion batteries are strongly dependent on the electrode materials. Practical energy densities accessible with cathode materials are...
Explaining Deviatoric Residual Stresses and Load Transfer in Aluminum Alloys and
Composites with Complex Microstructure
S. EVSEVLEEV, I. SEVOSTIANOV, T. MISHUROVA, M. HOFMANN, R. KOOS, G. REQUENA, G. GARCES, G. BRUNO
The residual stresses and load transfer in multiphase metal alloys and their composites (with both random planar-oriented short fibers and particles) will be shown, as...
The guidance of high-energy wave and particle radiation is associated with numerous challenges. This severely limits the possible uses. However, flexible guidance and formation would open up numerous new fields of application.
In this talk, different selected coating technologies like Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)
in order to coat even complex hollow glass capillaries[2] used as High-...
Fast and efficient hydrogen storage is one of the key components for the use of hydrogen in a sustainable energy economy. Reactive Hydride composites have been considered for some time as potential solid state storage systems, among others also the amide based mixture Mg(NH$_2$)$_2$ + 2 LiH. The kinetic performance of the hydrogen exchange reaction in this system is significantly enhanced by...
Inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering on microporous polymer membranes for green separation processes
Andreas SCHÖNHALS1, Paulina SZYMONIAK1, Reiner ZORN2, Martin BÖHNING1
1Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12489 Berlin, Germany
2Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological...
The freedom in complexity of AM metal parts allows very stiff and extreme light designs with real parts made of AlSi11Mg0.5 alloy entering serial production in automotive industry amongst others. Nevertheless, the production process of selective laser melting (SLM) is prone to the formation of residual stresses (RS), which can be large enough to destroy the part already during manufacturing....
In view of efficiency and resource scarcity, lightweight construction is an important issue for automotive industry. Here, the use of high- and ultra-high-strength steels offer enormous weight reducing potential in car body construction. However, a manufacturing disadvantage of these materials is the strong elastic springback due to the high yield strength and the associated difficulties with...
Increasing demands on modern turbines require (α2+γ) lamellar-structured TiAl alloys with fine colony size and properly aligned lamellae. As the lamellar structure is formed by the α→α2+γ phase transformation obeying Blackburn OR, the characteristics of lamellar structure depends directly on the high-temperature α phase. Thus, the lamellar structure optimization could be realized by the...
Nafion membranes are frequently used as membranes in fuel cells and electrolyzers due to their chemical resistivity. In this study, we used Nafion membranes before and after the application. We investigated the structure of Nafion membranes in different humidity conditions using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA). The SANS measurements reveal the...
Superalloys strengthened by ordered γ′ precipitates are widely used in aircraft engines due to their excellent high-temperature properties and play, therefore, an essential role for mobility. The γ matrix phase and the coherently embedded γ′ precipitates have slightly different lattice parameters due to their different chemical compositions resulting in a constrained lattice misfit between...
Superalloys for mobility applications – In-situ characterization at high temperatures for optimized properties
S. Neumeier
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute I: General Materials Properties, Erlangen, Germany
*steffen.neumeier@fau.de
Superalloys are key materials of our modern society. They are not only used in...
The recrystallization texture that develops during annealing process of deformed polycrystalline metal is vital and largely responsible for the anisotropy mechanical properties of the materials. The origin of this kind of texture is always great source of scientific interests. Especially, for cube texture which is considered as a gift in fcc metals used as conductive materials like Cu, Al,...
Batteries play an important role in the field of electric mobility because they can replace fossil fuels in many areas. Neutrons enable the detailed characterization in situ and operando of electrochemical processes on different length scales. Examples are presented how neutron diffraction, neutron imaging and neutron depth profiling improve the understanding of batteries and individual...
Abstract:
The effects of climate change are becoming more and more tangible. Especially in recent years extreme events such as heat waves, heavy rains and flood events are becoming more frequent. Based on the results of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is clear that in some regions of the world there would be fewer droughts, less heat waves, heavy rain events and...
A Quenching and Deformation Dilatometer (TA instruments DIL 805A/D/T) operates at the MLZ for performing in-situ neutron diffraction (phase, texture, stress/strain) at STRESS-SPEC and small-angle neutron scattering (nanostructure) at SANS-1. Imaging applications are under preparation at ANTARES. With this setup, the evolution of the sample length during heating or quenching can be accurately...