We developed linear neutron detectors based on ZnS/LiF scintillators and solid-state photomultipliers (SiPM) for neutron intruments. The developed detectors use for light readout a lightguide with diffuse reflection. The light readout by this method is more effective than the wavelenght shifting fibers - up to 80 photoelectrons. These detectors are successfully tested on time-of-flight...
Designing an instrument for scientific application for neutron scattering is a challenge, since every intrument must be more or less unique around the world to attract the scientists.
This uniqueness leads often to a "unique" instrument control.
The talk will show ways how to control these unique instruments with standard components.
The good selection of hardware and software for the...
The European Spallation Source (ESS), a next generation neutron spallation source, is presently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The first 15 instruments have been selected from conceptual proposals submitted by groups from around Europe. These instruments present numerous challenges for detector technology in the post Helium-3 crisis era, which is the default choice for neutron detectors...
Since the 1980s, helium-3 has been used as a converter in neutron detectors. A high cross section for neutron conversion, low gamma sensitivity, stability of response and flexibility of the design geometry make helium-3 an ideal converter for neutron detection. The so-called helium-3 crisis in 2009 has triggered worldwide research into alternative neutron detection concepts. Although it has...
The different types of instruments for condensed matter investigation on the external beams of the IBR-2 pulsed research reactor in Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (FLNP JINR) require different neutron detectors for them. This leads to the necessity of developing a variety of detectors in the Laboratory that are used in experiments. The neutron...
In the framework of the project for “Development of Experimental Facilities for Condensed Matter Investigations with Beams of the IBR-2 Facility» а wide-aperture backscattering detector for the HRFD diffractometer is being developed in FLNP.
Creation and operation of the new detector will result in a significant increase in the recorded data flow, which, in turn, requires further development...
Analysis of new advanced materials and their processing properties often requires investigation under high temperatures and forces. Current equipment for fast and controlled cooling/quenching experiments does almost not exist, but is desirable to mimic industrial material processing, because the heating and cooling rates significantly influence the resulting microstructure and/or the formation...
The neutron scattering instruments of the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS with all
substations are continuously developed and improved. A key role is taken by motion control
solutions that are tuned to specific requirements of science or developed as a standard for
cross-instrumental tasks. Alongside with the mechanics, the electric motor with its different
characteristics as an...
PA20 is the last SANS instrument built at LLB and opened to user community in 2015.
The main components of PA20 such as the monochromation, the collimation, the sample area and the detection, will be described into details with emphasis on the engineering design choices and its specificities.
Also the sample environments proposed by the instrument in daily use will be presented with their...
Neutron single-crystal diffraction is the tool of choice to determine the accurate positions of hydrogen atoms in solids and the arrangements of magnetic moments. Since neutron fluxes are low compared to those available at synchrotron X-ray facilities, there has been a major effort to maximize the exploitation of the available scattering data. To achieve this much emphasis has been recently...
A number of high pressure clamp cells (HPCC) was made magnetic and nonmagnetic for
diffraction, inelastic and SANS at RT and LT down to 100mk and H up to 10Tesla. For HPCC from TiZr alloy for powder diffraction the maximum pressure rise is 15 kbar. The 2-layer nonmagnetic HPCC up to 40kbar for studing single crystal by polarized neutrons were used. The maximum pressure of 2-layer and 3-layer...
The presentation will de devoted to the software package Sonix+, which has been developed as a unified control software for neutron instruments. It has been installed at almoust all instruments of the IBR-2 reactor, as well at some instruments at other centers of the Russian Federation (totally about 20 installations). The modular organization of the software and use of the Python language for...
The Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) has a long history in neutron scattering. Today the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) is developing and operating several instruments at different outstations. The most important is the FRM II in Munich.
The talk will start with an overview on the engineering and manufacturing infrastructure at the FZJ. The scientific institute JCNS is strongly...
Engineering in the field of research with neutrons is a great challenge due to the materials which come into contact with neutrons and thus become radioactive.
The selection of suitable materials is essential: They have to a) guarantee the required functionality in each component of an instrument and b) minimize its activation at the same time.
In neutron research facilities shieldings are...
At present, many spectrometers of the IBR-2M reactor have carried out a comprehensive modernization of the control systems and management of experimental facilities.This paper presents the main approaches to the construction of control systems at the IBR-2M.
To connect the spectrometer hardware to PC the USB-RS485/232 interface is used.
Control system of executive mechanisms is based on...
Не-3 detection technologies necessary for equipping the majority (about 70%) of experimental stations of the PIK reactor either exist at PNPI or can be produced there as there is a technological capacity for their development and realization. Aperture of these detectors is no more than 1 m2 and consequently do not require a large amount of $^3$Не (about 900 liters). $^3$Не is available in...
Neutron optics are currently used to define neutron beam properties at the sample position (direction, divergence, energy, resolution, polarization, etc…). Since the primary neutron flux is low, optical devices have to be highly efficient. Main concepts and components for designing the optics of neutron instruments are presented. It includes reflection optics such as neutron guides and...
The structure-dynamics-function relationship in proteins is still a field of great scientific interest. Photoactive proteins form a specific class, whose function can be activated by illumination. Depending on application, samples can be activated by permanent illumination or by light pulses in time-resolved experiments. Subsequently, modulated structure and dynamics can be observed e.g. by...
The construction of the high-flux PIK reactor is coming to the final
stage. Its neutron guide system design is almost frozen and will be
presented in details during the talk. The reasons behind design
choices will also be discussed.
The guide system is fed by 2 beam tubes: one equipped with cold
neutron sources and the other is thermal one. In total 13 cold and 5
thermal instrument will use...
The Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Forschungszentrum Jülich developed more than 10 neutron instruments during the last decade, which are operated at the JCNS outstations in Garching (MLZ), Grenoble (ILL) and Oak Ridge (SNS). In order to reduce development and maintenance efforts a completely standardized approach for the implementation of the control and data acquisition systems...
Polarizing neutron optics found numerous applications in polarized neutron techniques. Stacks of bent polarizing supermirrors on thin substrates are used as multichannel polarizers and analyzers (“benders”). Solid state benders were also designed and can be made quite compact. Highly polarized white beam is produced by successive reflections from two polarizing supermirrors/monochromators....
Phenomena and effects on interfaces and in individual atomic layers play a key role in the modern material science, especially in the field of nanotechnologies (nanoelectronics, photonics, plasmonics, etc). The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique is a versatile tool with a capability of using a wide variety of materials to produce such structures. Neutron radiation offers a unique...
Diffraction techniques (either photons, electrons or neutrons based) are located at the forefront of the characterisation for new materials. Compared to lab-based sources the distinct features of neutrons make neutron diffraction a unique tool for structure investigations in various classes of materials. At the moment, diffraction studies at ambient conditions contain a minor portion of the...
The overwhelming majority of neutron spectroscopic experiments is carried out at non-ambient conditions for diverse reasons ranging from cooling the sample to improve the signal-to-noise ratio over situating the studied system into a precise point on its phase diagram to "playing" with its hamiltonian. The latter case, consisting e.g. in applying magnetic fields to quantum spin systems, calls...
For hard matter samples the sample environment (SE) is covering a huge number of different fields, starting from a simple sample holder for normal ambient conditions to SE used for in situ growth of a thin layer by beam epitaxial growth or pulsed laser deposition. In between is a wild zoo serving all the different scientific investigation on your instrument. In soft matter and biology, it is...
On the basis of developments of top loading cryostats ([1], [2], [3]) a horizontal loading cryostat for cryomagnetic research at the diffractometer DN-12 of IBR-2 [4] had been developed. In this regard, it is necessary to study the value of the heat flow associated with the heat exchange gas in the horizontal shaft. For this purpose an express GM cryostat has been performed. This cryostat has...